College instructors generally require that you follow a specific
method of presenting and listing outside sources. Refer to
"Crediting Sources" for guidelines for citing sources. Students
often confuse two of the most common styles -- MLA and APA
| MLA |
|
APA |
| developed by Modern Language Association |
|
developed by American Psychological Association |
| used in English, language, and literature courses |
|
used in social sciences such as psychology and sociology |
| List of sources called "Works Cited" or "Works Consulted"
(to list works used but not cited) |
|
List of sources called "References" or "Bibliography"
(to list works used but not cited) |
| Sources alphabetized by last name or title |
|
Sources alphabetized by last name or title |
| Sample book: |
|
Sample book: |
| Jones, Wilson. Chicago. New York:
Putnam, 1998 |
|
Jones, W. (1998) Chicago. New
York: Putnam |
| Sample Article: |
|
Sample Article: |
| Abrams, Jane. "New Cities." Time.
21 Jan, 1998, 3. |
|
Abrams, J. (1998, Jan 21). New cities.
Time, p. 3. |
| Parenthetical notes used to cite quotes and paraphrases
|
|
Parenthetical notes used to cite quotes and paraphrases
|
| Notes include dates but not page dates in paraphrases:
|
|
Notes include dates but not page dates in paraphrases:
|
| Jones views Chicago as the city of the
future (12). |
|
Jones (1998) views Chicago as the city
of the future. |
| and direct quotes: |
|
page numbers added in direct quotes: |
| Jones stated, "Chicago is the city of
the future" (12). |
|
Jones (1998) stated, "Chicago is the
city of the future" (p. 12). |
